Effect of osmoticum histodifferentiation and maturation in liquid medium

Germination of Jack soybean somatic embryos 1 week after placement on MSO with 1.5% sucrose medium. Prior to this, embryos were histodifferentiated & matured for 3 weeks in medium suplemented with, clockwise from top left, nothing, 1.5% sorbitol, 3% sorbitol, 5% PEG:

Close-ups as follows:

FNLOS3
NLOS3+Sorbitol 1.5%
FNLOS3+Sorbitol 3%
FNLOS3+PEG 5%

References:

  • Walker, D.R. and W.A. Parrott. 2001. Effect of polyethylene glycol and sugar alcohols on soybean somatic embryo germination and conversion. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult. 64:55-62
  • Schmidt, M.A., D.M. Tucker, E.B. Cahoon, and W.A. Parrott. 2005. Towards normalization of soybean somatic embryo maturation Plant Cell Rep. 24:383-391.